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Off Gauge |
Deviation of thickness or diameter of
a solid product, or wall thickness of a tubular product, from the
standard or specified dimensional tolerances. |
|
Oil Can |
A buckle that can be snapped from one
position to another. Also referred to as snap buckle. |
|
Offset |
Yield strength by the "offset
method" is computed from a load-strain curve obtained by means
of an extensometer. A straight line is drawn parallel to the initial
straight line portion of the load-strain curve and at a distance to
the right corresponding to 0.2 percent offset (0.002 in. per in. of
gauge length). The load reached at the point where this straight
line intersects the curve divided by the original cross-sectional
area (sq.in.) of the tension test specimen is the yield strength. |
|
Oil Stain Aluminum |
Stain produced by the incomplete
burning of the lubricants on the surface of the sheet. Rolling
subsequent to staining will change color from darker browns to
lighter browns down to white. |
|
Olsen (Ductility) Test |
A method of measuring the ductility
and drawing properties of strip or sheet metal which involves
determination of the width and depth of impression. The test
simulating a deep drawing operation is made by a standard steel ball
under pressure, continuing until the cup formed from the metal
sample fractures. Readings are in thousandths of an inch. This test
is sometimes used to detect stretcher straining and indicates the
surface finish after drawing, similar to the Erichsen ductility
test. |
|
Orange Peel (effect) |
A surface roughening (defect)
encountered in forming products from metal stock that has a coarse
grain size. It is due to uneven flow or to the appearance of the
overly large grains usually the result of annealing at too high a
temperature. Also referred to as pebbles and alligator skin. |
|
Orientation (crystal) |
- Arrangement of certain crystal
axes or crystal planes in a crystalline aggregate with respect
to a given direction or plane. If there is any tendency for one
arrangement to predominate, it is known as the preferred
orientation; in the absence of any such preference, random
orientation exists.
- Directions in space of the axes of
the lattice of a crystal with respect to a chosen reference or
coordinate system.
|
|
Oscillation |
Uneven wrap in coiling and lateral
travel during winding. Improper alignment of rolls over which the
metal passes before rewinding and insufficient rewind tension are
typical causes. See also "Telescoping." |
|
Out-of-Register |
An embossed pattern distortion due to
misalignment of the male and female embossing rolls. |
|
Overaging |
- Aging under conditions of time and
temperature greater than those required to obtain maximum change
in a certain property, so that the property is altered in the
direction of the initial value.
- Aging under conditions of time and
temperature greater than those required to obtain maximum change
in a certain property.
|
|
Overheating |
Heating a metal or alloy to such a
high temperature that its properties are impaired. When the original
properties cannot be restored by further heat treating, by
mechanical working, or by combination of working and heat treating,
the overheating is known as burning. |
|
Oxidation |
- The addition of oxygen to a
compound. Exposure to atmosphere sometimes results in oxidation
of the exposed surface, hence a staining or discoloration. This
effect is increased with temperature increase.
- A reaction in which there is an
increase in valence resulting from a loss of electrons.
- Chemical combination with oxygen
to form an oxide.
|
|
Oxide |
Compound of oxygen with another
element. |
|
Oxide Discoloration |
Discoloration of the metal surface
due to oxidation during thermal treatment. |
|
Oxidized Surface |
A surface having a thin, tightly
adhering oxidized skin. |
